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What is A Shin Splint?

Shin splints are an injury commonly seen in athletes. It causes pain in the lower leg. So, what's the best way to avoid it?

shin splint treatment

Learn more about splinting in our Definitive Guide To Splints here.


Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatments for shin splints is the key! With more sports gaining popularity, shin splints have become a pressing issue. Here, let's dive deep into this condition and explore its causes & potential treatments. Whether you're a regular runner or just do sports occasionally, learning about this injury can help you steer clear of pain and frustration.


When it comes to shin splints, overuse is often the root cause. Doing high-impact activities or suddenly ramping up your workout can overload the muscles & tendons near your shinbone. This leads to tiny tears in these tissues, causing inflammation and discomfort. The signs of shin splints usually include: pain in the inner edge of the shinbone, tenderness, swelling, and mild redness. If not treated in time, the condition may worsen and lead to stress fractures or worse injuries.

So, how to prevent shin splints from becoming a constant nuisance? Here are some tips:

  1. Gradually increase your activity levels - this allows your body to adjust to the added stress without damaging itself.

  2. Wear proper shoes with good support - this reduces the pressure on your lower legs during exercise.

  3. Cross-train occasionally - diversifies the load on different muscle groups while keeping your fitness.

What are shin splints?


Shin splints, aka medial tibial stress syndrome, is a common injury among athletes and runners. It is a pain along the shinbone (tibia) due to overuse or excessive stress on the lower leg. It mainly affects muscles, tendons and bones in the front of the shins. Symptoms include dull ache or throbbing pain that worsens during physical activities such as running or jumping.


Prevention is key when it comes to shin splints. Warm-up exercises and stretching before strenuous activities can help reduce the risk. Additionally, wear the right footwear with adequate support and cushioning.


When experiencing shin splints, it is essential to listen to your body. Ignoring the pain and continuing intense physical activity may lead to further damage and prolonged recovery time. Resting is a must to allow the inflamed muscles and tissues to heal. Low-impact exercises such as swimming or cycling can be pursued to maintain fitness levels while minimizing strain on the affected area.


To understand the impact of shin splints, let's consider Alex's story. As a runner training for a marathon, she experienced persistent pain in her shins during her long runs. Despite her initial hesitation, she consulted a sports medicine specialist who diagnosed her with shin splints. With rest, physical therapy, and gradual return to running under professional guidance, she was able to overcome this setback and successfully complete her marathon.


Symptoms of shin splints


tender knee

Common signs of shin splints include:

  • Pain along the inner edge or front of the shinbone

  • Tenderness and soreness in the area

  • Swelling and inflammation around the shin

  • Discomfort that worsens during activity and eases with rest

  • A dull, aching feeling becoming more intense over time

  • Mild-to-moderate difficulty walking or running due to the pain

Additionally, redness and discoloration may occur. Research by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons reveals that repeated stress is the cause of shin splints.


Causes of shin splints


Athletes and runners alike have suffered from shin splints over time. Factors leading to this condition include: overuse, incorrect footwear, high-intensity training, poor biomechanics, lack of rest and recovery, and hard surfaces. Genetics and body composition may also be contributors.


To help prevent shin splints, warm-up exercises, stretching, and increasing training intensity gradually are recommended. This way, athletes can enjoy better performance and injury prevention.


Diagnosis of Shin Splints


knee break

Shin splints are typically identified with a mix of physical examination and medical history. Doctors will examine the troubled area, looking for signs of tenderness, enlargement, or redness. They may also do tests to rule out other potential sources of pain, such as stress fractures or nerve issues. X-rays or other imaging scans are not normally required for diagnosing shin splints. Rather, doctors use their knowledge and clinical judgment to identify the root cause of symptoms.


During the physical exam, docs might ask about the patient's workout regimen, shoe choices, and any recent changes in activity level or intensity. This data can provide valuable insight into potential risk factors for shin splints. Furthermore, doctors may ask about prior injuries or medical conditions that could lead to the development of shin splints.


To further verify the diagnosis, doctors might suggest more tests, like bone scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), if they expect underlying difficulties like stress fractures. These tests help give a more elaborate view of the bones and soft tissues in the affected area.


It is essential to note that while the diagnosis of shin splints relies heavily on medical expertise and clinical judgment, there have been instances of misdiagnoses. A noteworthy example involves an athlete who was initially diagnosed with shin splints but eventually found to have a stress fracture instead. Such cases underline the significance of comprehensive evaluation and thought of potential alternate diagnoses.


Treatment options for shin splints


physical therapy

To treat shin splints, you need patience and careful management. Here are 4 treatments that can help:

  1. Rest and Ice: Take a break from activities that cause pain. Apply ice to reduce inflammation.

  2. Stretching and Strengthening Exercises: Do exercises to improve flexibility and strengthen muscles, which will reduce stress on the shins.

  3. Proper Footwear: Get well-fitted shoes with good arch support. That will minimize stress on the shins during physical activity.

  4. Gradual Return to Activity: Start slowly and gradually step up the intensity and duration of your workouts. Give your body time to adapt.

Plus, check out unique details like compression socks or orthotics for extra support. By doing these things, you can manage shin splints and stop them from coming back.


Pro Tip: Always warm up before exercising and cool down after. This will ready your muscles for activity and lessen the chance of injury.


Prevention tips for shin splints


Prevention Tips for Shin Splints:

  1. Wear proper footwear. Choose shoes that provide support and cushioning.

  2. Increase intensity gradually. Don't make sudden changes in your exercise routine.

  3. Strengthen leg muscles. Do exercises like calf raises and toe curls.

  4. Warm-up and cool down. Prepare and recover your muscles for activity.

Pay attention to any discomfort or pain in your shins. If symptoms persist, get medical help.


To prevent shin splints, it's important to understand why these tips work. Good shoes give support and cushioning, so the shins don't take too much stress. Gradual intensity increases let the body adapt without overloading the shins. Stronger leg muscles improve stability and reduce pressure on the shin bones. Warm-ups and cool-downs help prepare and recover muscles, preventing strain and promoting healthy blood flow. Incorporate these strategies into your routine, and the risk of shin splints will be lower.


When to seek medical attention


When to seek medical attention for shin splints?

It depends on the severity of symptoms. Be aware of warning signs that suggest professional help.

  • Severe pain in shins that doesn't go away after rest or home remedies? Time to see a doctor.

  • Swelling and redness around shin area? Professional evaluation is necessary.

  • Difficulty walking or bearing weight on affected leg? It may be a sign of a bigger issue. So, seek medical attention.

  • If shin splints don't improve with conservative treatments like ice, rest & OTC pain meds? Get medical advice.

  • Unsure about cause of pain? Consult a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis.

Individual circumstances can influence when to seek medical help. Pain tolerance & managing symptoms vary from person to person. Healthcare provider's advice ensures tailored care.


To manage & prevent shin splints:

  1. Rest: Take a break from activities that aggravate shins. Limit high-impact exercises or modify them.

  2. Ice therapy: Apply ice packs for 15-20 mins multiple times a day. Cold reduces inflammation & relieves pain.

  3. Appropriate footwear: Shoes with proper support & cushioning reduce strain on shins during physical activities.

  4. Cross-training: Low-impact exercises like swimming or cycling help maintain fitness & give shins a break.

  5. Physical therapy: PT helps strengthen muscles around shin & address muscle imbalances.

Rest, ice, footwear, cross-training & physical therapy can help alleviate & prevent shin splint discomfort. Healthcare provider's advice is best for tailored care.


Conclusion


Shin splints are a common injury affecting the lower leg, causing pain and discomfort. They often occur in athletes or individuals who do high-impact activities. To understand this condition, it's essential to know its causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

  • What causes shin splints? Overuse of lower leg muscles, poor footwear, running on hard surfaces, and sudden changes to training intensity can all be factors.

  • What are the symptoms? Pain along the front or inner part of the leg, swelling, tenderness, and mild bruising are the most common.

  • How can they be treated? Resting the affected area is vital. Icing the area, taking over-the-counter pain relievers, and physical therapy exercises to stretch and strengthen the lower leg muscles may also help.

  • What can be done to prevent shin splints? Wear proper footwear with adequate support and cushioning. Increase training intensity gradually, and do cross-training activities.

In addition, it's wise to seek medical advice for an accurate diagnosis and an individualized treatment plan. Flat feet and biomechanical imbalances can contribute to shin splints, and a healthcare professional can advise on addressing these issues.

Sarah is an example of someone who experienced shin splints. She was training for a marathon when she felt severe pain in her shins. After taking a break and consulting a physical therapist, she developed a treatment plan of rest, ice, and specific exercises. Gradually, she was able to resume her training and complete the marathon without any further complications.


Frequently Asked Questions


What is a shin splint?


A shin splint is a condition characterized by pain along the shinbone (tibia), typically caused by inflammation of the muscles, tendons, or bone tissue in the lower leg.


What are the common causes of shin splints?


Shin splints often occur due to activities that involve repetitive stress on the shinbone, such as running, jumping, or dancing. Other contributing factors may include improper footwear, muscular imbalances, or sudden increase in physical activity.


What are the symptoms of shin splints?


Common symptoms of shin splints include pain or tenderness along the inner edge of the shinbone, mild swelling, a dull ache during exercise, and worsening pain after activity or the next morning.


How are shin splints diagnosed?


Shin splints are typically diagnosed through a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. In some cases, imaging tests such as X-rays or bone scans may be recommended to rule out other possible causes of the pain.


How can shin splints be treated?


Treatment for shin splints often involves a combination of rest, ice therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, and the use of supportive footwear or orthotics. Physical therapy and stretching exercises are also commonly prescribed to strengthen muscles and improve flexibility.


Can shin splints be prevented?


To prevent shin splints, it is important to gradually increase the intensity and duration of physical activity, wear appropriate footwear that provides adequate support, and ensure proper biomechanics while engaging in sports or exercise. Additionally, maintaining strong leg muscles through regular strength training can help prevent shin splints.

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